The column (DB-WAX, 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 mm, J&W, Folsom, CA, USA) temperature varied from 40 ºC to 180 ºC at 4 ºC min -1 , remaining at 180 ºC for 2 min. 12 The flow control mode was linear velocity set at 47.3 cm s -1 , with carrier gas H 2 , make up gas N 2 at 30 mL min -1 and air flow at 400 mL min -1 .